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历史的现阶段有两个特色加强我们把人类当作整体来看待:第一特色是政治的。维持和平必须依靠人类全体的力量。政治计划不深入人心便毫无用处。第二特色是人们认为他们的系统理论不是确定不移的。当代主要的变化应当包括教育里相应的变化。教育的长远目的应当是:把人们从家庭过渡到社会,给予他们所需要的技术和知识,并且鼓励他们对生活的奥秘作出有想象的反应。首先谈技术。与其教得很狭隘,不如教授技术背后的原理,并且培养一般的机器感。这才是具有自由教育性质的职业教育。再谈知识。基本知识对技术进步是必要的,没有基本知识,我们就不能了解自己和宇宙。因此我们需要一种富有新的生命力的普通教育:掌握写读算三门基本技能,了解基本的科学原理,事实和方法,以及具有个人的和社会的价值感。过多而过早的专业化使得真正够好的普通教育难以实现。我们要培养青年在迅速变化的技术环境里起作用,并且使我们的工业社会自由教育化。我们的教育应当使得青年人认识到人类是一个在进化着的物种,人类应当按照他对自己的作为的自觉意识而变化。这样技术性技能就和教育的广大目的连接起来了。我们的任务是使青年社会化以适合于这个已经成为世界性的社会。教育的第三个长远目的是给青年一个世界观。我们要有这些主要观念:青年是什么?人类是什么?人类怎样适应宇宙?这些观念帮助青年认识生活并且看到生活的整体。人道主义者所要求的一种教育,以知识为教材,对生活作道德的和富有想象力的反应,并以人类进化为主题,对于二十世纪是特别适宜的。
At this stage of history there are two distinctive features that reinforce our view of humankind as a whole: The first is politics. Peacekeeping must depend on the power of all humanity. Political planning is useless without reaching into the hearts of the people. The second characteristic is that people think their system theory is not certain. The main contemporary changes should include the corresponding changes in education. The long-term goal of education should be to transfer people from home to society, to provide them with the skills and knowledge they need, and to encourage them to make imaginative responses to the mysteries of life. First talk about technology. Rather than teaching it very narrowly, it is better to teach the principles behind technology and to develop a general sense of machine. This is a free education of vocational education. Talk about knowledge. Basic knowledge is necessary for technological progress. Without basic knowledge, we can not understand ourselves and the universe. Therefore, we need a kind of general education full of new vitality: master three basic skills of reading and writing, understand basic scientific principles, facts and methods, and have personal and social values. Too much premature specialization makes really good general education difficult to achieve. We need to train young people to play a role in the rapidly changing technological environment and to free education our industrial society. Our education should make young people recognize that human beings are a species of evolution and that humans should change in accordance with his conscious awareness of his own actions. Such technical skills are linked to the general purpose of education. Our task is to socialize young people for what has become a global society. The third long-term goal of education is to give youth a worldview. We need to have these main ideas: what are young people, what are humans, and how do humans adapt to the universe? These concepts help young people understand life and see the whole of life. An education demanded by humanitarians that uses knowledge as a material, an ethical and imaginative response to life and the theme of human evolution is particularly appropriate for the twentieth century.