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以小麦不同品种和突变体为材料,组配成5×3NCⅡ交配设计,对8个农艺性状进行了F_1杂种优势和配合力分析。结果表明:除抽穗期在F_1代以负向优势为主外,其余7个性状均以正向优势为主,且以正向超亲最为普遍。鲁麦12号作亲本,在改善穗部性状(主穗小穗数、主穗粒数和主穗粒重)和提高千粒重方面有较大利用价值。原丰5号和原丰6号两个突变体可用于矮秆育种。鲁麦20号和8830831两个突变体时提早熟期表现突出。在提高主穗粒数和主穗粒重及降低株高方面,分别以鲁麦8号×鲁麦20号、鲁麦12号×8830831和鲁麦8号×济核早03组合为最佳。
Different wheat cultivars and mutants were used to make 5 × 3 NC Ⅱ mating designs. The F 1 heterosis and combining ability of 8 agronomic traits were analyzed. The results showed that except for the heading stage, F_1 generation mainly had negative predominance, the other seven traits were predominately positive and most of them were supernormal. Lumai 12 as a parent had great value in improving ear traits (main spikelets, main ear grains and main ear grain weight) and increasing 1000-grain weight. Two mutants, Harafun-5 and Happo-6, can be used for dwarf breeding. Rumai 20 and 8830831 two mutants early maturity outstanding performance. In terms of increasing the number of main spike grains, grain weight of main spike and plant height, the combinations of Lumai 8 × Lumai 20, Lumai 12 × 8830831 and Lumai 8 × Jijianzao 03 were the best.