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自从Rowland和Molina发表闻名于世的文章以来确定已经历了二十年。文中谈到来自卤代烃中的氯会引发热成层臭氧的空洞导致更多的短波辐射到达地面。这个观点的渗透历经多年,但是最后尽管对此的重要性还存在相当多的疑问,它终究还是促成了“蒙特利尔议定书”和对CFC及之后对HCFC的完全禁用。这个冲击在今后的若干年中会对世界工业产生很大影响。显然从环境角度出发,最好是使用一些自然界中已证明是无害的物质,当然它们在其它方面也必须适宜作制冷剂。对常见的制冷温度范围,从—50℃到10℃,存在着三种人们熟知的合适的制冷剂可供选择:氨,丙烷,二氧化碳。可根据应用场合的特点进行挑选。新技术的发展使提高这些制冷剂尤其是二氧化碳的运行效率成为可能。
It has been twenty years since Rowland and Molina published their celebrated essay. The article mentioned that chlorine from halogenated hydrocarbons will lead to thermal stratification of ozone hole causes more shortwave radiation to reach the ground. This view has permeated for many years, but in the end there is considerable doubt as to its importance, which ultimately led to the Montreal Protocol and the complete ban on CFCs and thereafter. This impact will have a huge impact on the world’s industry in the coming years. Obviously from the environmental point of view, it is best to use some substances that have proven to be harmless in nature, of course, they must also be suitable for other aspects of the refrigerant. For the common refrigeration temperature range, from -50 ° C to 10 ° C there are three well-known suitable refrigerants to choose from: ammonia, propane, carbon dioxide. According to the characteristics of the application to be selected. The development of new technologies makes it possible to increase the operating efficiency of these refrigerants, especially carbon dioxide.