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目的了解长沙市工业企业职业病危害因素现状,为今后的职业病防治工作提供决策依据。方法在长沙市疾控中心登记的工业企业中随机抽取126家,按照相关国家标准对其生产现场进行职业病危害因素检测,计算检测合格率。结果共检测点数4 756个,合格点数3 706个,合格率为77.92%;企业合格率为18.25%;大中小型三种规模企业合格率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),各种行业职业病危害因素检测合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论长沙市工业企业职业病危害因素监测现状不容乐观,粉尘、噪声、紫外线为主要职业病危害因素,建材、机械为危害较严重的行业,在今后工作中应重点防治,特别是加强对中小型企业的监管。
Objective To understand the current status of occupational hazards in industrial enterprises in Changsha and to provide a basis for decision-making on prevention and control of occupational diseases in the future. Methods A total of 126 industrial enterprises registered in Changsha Municipal CDC were randomly selected and their occupational hazards were tested according to the relevant national standards. The passing rate of detection was calculated. Results A total of 4 756 points were tested with 3 706 passing points, with a pass rate of 77.92%. The pass rate of enterprises was 18.25%. There was no significant difference in pass rates between large, small and medium sized enterprises (P> 0.05) The occupational disease hazard testing qualified rate difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The status quo of occupational hazards in industrial enterprises in Changsha is not optimistic. Dust, noise and ultraviolet radiation are the main occupational hazards. Building materials and machinery are more harmful industries. In the future work, we should focus on prevention and treatment, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises Supervision.