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目的：分析2014年我国及各省、自治区、直辖市汉族学生视力不良情况，为制定学生视力不良防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法：选取2014年全国学生体质与健康调研中7~22岁汉族学生261 832名，使用5 m标准对数视力表进行视力检查，对视力不良者，使用串镜检查，判断有无屈光不正。使用Logistic回归对汉族学生视力不良的相关因素进行多元分析，采用ArcMap 10绘制视力不良检出率的区域地图。结果：7~22岁汉族学生视力不良率为66.6%，各年龄组均是城市女生视力不良率最高（73.5%）。有60.8%的学生为疑似近视，占视力不良分类的90%以上。与2010年相比，视力不良在13~15岁学生中涨幅最快，增长了6.8个百分点。2014年各省、自治区、直辖市汉族学生视力不良检出率为50.6%~76.2%。视力不良检出率最高的前三省为江苏（76.2%）、浙江（76.0%）和山东（75.9%），检出率最低的前三省为海南（50.6%）、贵州（53.9%）和新疆（57.6%）。Logistic回归分析发现，女生、城市学生、放学后做家庭作业时间超过2 h的学生更容易发生视力不良，而每天体育锻炼2 h及以上的学生更不易发生视力不良。结论：虽然各省情况有所差异，但是视力不良已经成为影响我国各省、自治区、直辖市学生健康的问题，在针对重点人群（如城市女生和青春期发育前的学生）干预的基础上，还应继续加强对全体学生视力不良的预防和控制。
Objective: To analyze the poor eyesight situation of Han nationality students in our country, provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in 2014, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies and measures for students’ poor eyesight. Methods: A total of 261 832 Han students aged 7-22 years from 2014 National Physical Fitness and Health Survey were selected for visual acuity test using a 5 m standard logarithmic eye chart. For those with poor eyesight, serial examinations were performed to determine the presence or absence of refractive error . Multivariate analysis was made on the related factors of poor eyesight in Han students using Logistic regression. ArcMap 10 was used to map the region with poor eyesight detection rate. Results: The rate of poor eyesight among Han students aged 7-22 was 66.6%. The highest rate of bad eyesight was 73.5% in all age groups. There are 60.8% of students suspected of myopia, accounting for more than 90% of poor eyesight classification. Compared with 2010, poor eyesight among the 13 to 15-year-old students rose the fastest, an increase of 6.8 percentage points. In 2014, the detection rate of poor eyesight among Han students in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities was 50.6% ~ 76.2%. The top three provinces with the highest incidence of poor eyesight were Jiangsu (76.2%), Zhejiang (76.0%) and Shandong (75.9%). The top three provinces with the lowest detection rates were Hainan (50.6%), Guizhou (53.9%) and Xinjiang 57.6%). Logistic regression analysis showed that girls and urban students who had been doing homework for more than 2 hours after school were more likely to have poor eyesight. Students who exercised for more than 2 hours a day were less likely to have vision problems. CONCLUSIONS: Although the situation varies among provinces, poor eyesight has become a problem that affects the health of students in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Based on the intervention of key populations (such as city girls and pre-adolescent students), they should continue to be strengthened Prevention and control of poor eyesight for all students.