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1.淤背固堤现状机淤固堤是从六十年代的自流放淤逐渐发展起来的,经过近四十年的发展,目前淤背固堤已由单指利用简易式挖泥船,逐步发展到指利用挖泥船、泥浆泵等多种水利机械设备挖取河道泥沙,用水力管道输送到堤防背河侧沉放。通过填平背河侧的低洼坑塘,加大堤防宽度,延长了渗径,增强了堤身的稳定性,对解决漏洞、渗水、管涌等险情有显著的作用,有效地提高了堤防防御的能力。据统计,至2007年8月仅黄河下游济南段已完成机淤固堤土方1.32亿m3。为使黄河下游长治久安,按照黄河下游的近期规划,在近十年内黄河大堤普遍淤宽100m,淤筑高程于设防水位平。(附图1淤背固堤示意图),现阶段黄河未淤筑的空白段为5.9‰。
1. Silty back dikes present situation Silt silt embankment from the sixties self-flow of sediment gradually developed, after nearly four decades of development, now back to the dredging embankment has been using a simple finger dredger, the gradual development Refers to the use of dredgers, mud pumps and other water conservancy machinery and equipment to dig the river sediment, hydraulic pipelines transported to the embankment Diverge side. By filling the low-lying pit pond on the side of the river, increasing the width of the embankment, extending the seepage path and enhancing the stability of the bank body, it has a significant effect on solving the dangerous situations such as loopholes, water seepage and piping, effectively increasing the embankment defense ability. According to statistics, to August 2007 only Ji’nan section of the lower reaches of the Yellow River has completed 136 million cubic meters of solid silt embankment earth. In order to ensure long-term peace and stability in the lower Yellow River, in accordance with the recent planning of the lower Yellow River, the Yellow River embankment generally has a width of 100m in the past ten years. (Figure 1 silt back solid embankment schematic), at this stage the Yellow River silt blank section 5.9 ‰.