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一、病因和发病学方面 1.导致先天性畸形的有关因素:妊娠初三月内感染风疹导致胎儿畸形的发生是各家所公认的;妊娠三月内接触风疹者应肌注0.3毫升/公斤体重内种球蛋白.至于其他病毒感染是否和先天性畸形有关意见尚不一致;有些学者认为流感可以引起胎儿畸形,但是瑞典1957年一次流感大流行后观察五年所得结论并不能证实此说.目前大部份学者认为放射线和胎儿畸形有一定关系;妊娠期即使经X线照射,甚至只用一般诊断剂量即可以导致胎儿畸形的发生,故主张尽可能减少妊期X线检查.
First, the etiology and pathogenesis 1. Cause of congenital malformations related factors: In the first trimester of pregnancy caused by rubella infection caused by fetal deformity is recognized by all; third month of pregnancy should be intramuscular injection of 0.3 ml / kg Body weight of the germ protein.As for other viral infections and congenital malformations are not the same opinion; Some scholars believe that the flu can cause fetal deformity, but Sweden in 1957 after a flu pandemic observed five years of the conclusions obtained and can not confirm that. Most scholars believe that radiation and fetal malformations have a certain relationship; even during pregnancy by X-ray irradiation, or even only the general diagnostic dosage can lead to fetal malformations, it advocates to minimize pregnancy X-ray examination.