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日常会话中的附加信息作为一种语用现象,一直以来较少受到语用学者们的关注,很少的研究也都是泛泛而谈,未能揭示其使用的隐含目的。本文拟以Sperber和Wilson的关联理论为框架分析日常会话中的附加信息。通过关联理论的明示——推理交际模式,本文探讨了听话者是如何推理说话人的明示话语并了解其意图的,如何通过关联分析实现附加信息的宏观功能及微观功能。文章指出附加信息能有效传达说话者的意图,其使用具有一定的语用理据,同时也指出关联理论是对交际中的话语理解具有指导意义的理论。
As a kind of pragmatic phenomenon, the additional information in daily conversation has been less concerned by pragmatic scholars all along. Few studies have also been generalized and failed to reveal the hidden purpose of its use. This article intends to use Sperber and Wilson’s theory of association as a framework to analyze the additional information in the daily conversation. Through the explicit-reasoning communicative model of relevance theory, this article explores how the hearer interprets the speaker’s explicit discourse and understands its intention, and how to realize the macroscopical and microcosmic functions of the additional information through the association analysis. The article points out that the additional information can effectively convey the speaker ’s intention. The use of the additional information has some pragmatic motivation. At the same time, it also points out that the theory of relevance is a guideline for the communicative discourse understanding.