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本文分析了在汉日集体讨论中的视点问题,主要提出了体现说话人视点的表达形式,视座转换的分类及其在会话中的功能。可以判断人称代词、移动动词及其补助动词在汉日集体讨论中均是说话人的视点表达方式,而与汉语不同的是,日语中表示人物心理或生理状态的形容词或动词、被动句与授受表达也能体现说话人的视点。究其原因,主要与日语具有较强的人称限制有关。此外,在此基础上,本研究还考察了视座转换现象,将其分为“视座的扩大”“视座的脱离”和“视座的偏移”三种类型,其中:“视座的扩大”可以使说话人的话语更具说服力;“视座的脱离”能够使说话的话语听起来更加客观,更容易引起听话人的共鸣;“视座的偏移”则能够通过增大或者缩小说话人与话语中人物的心理距离来表明其立场。最后,通过定量和定性分析发现,日语母语使用者倾向于通过视座的偏移来表明自己的立场,而汉语母语使用者则更多是在表达自己意见的同时,通过视座的转换来增强自己话语的说服力。
This article analyzes the issues of perspective in the collective discourse of the Han and Japanese, mainly presenting the expression of speaker’s point of view, the classification of visual conversion and its function in conversation. It can be concluded that the personal pronouns, the mobile verbs and their supplementary verbs are the speaker’s point of view expressions in the collective discourse between the Chinese and Japanese, while the difference with the Chinese is the adjectives or verbs that express the psychological or physiological state of the characters in Japanese, the passive sentences, Expression can also reflect the speaker’s point of view. The reason is mainly related to Japanese has a strong personal limitations. In addition, on the basis of this, this study also examined the phenomenon of the view conversion, which is divided into three types of “base” and “base” , Of which: “expansion of the seat of view ” can make the speaker’s speech more persuasive; “disregard of the seat ” can make the speech more objective, more likely to arouse the resonance of the listener; “ Seat-offset ”can indicate its position by increasing or decreasing the psychological distance between the speaker and the characters in the discourse. Finally, through quantitative and qualitative analysis, it is found that Japanese native speakers tend to show their position through the shift of the visual base, while Chinese native speakers are more likely to express their own opinions by enhancing the visual base conversion The persuasion of your own words.