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澳大利亚位于南半球,总面积770.4万平方公里,和美国的本土面积(除阿拉斯加外)几乎相等,人口约一千六百万,是世界上最干旱的大陆,以南澳为例,大约有80％的地区年降雨量低于250毫米,只适宜经营粗放畜牧业,称为牧区;15％左右地区年雨量在250～500毫米之间,可以从事谷物生产和经营畜牧业,称为农牧区;只有5％地区属于年雨量500毫米以上的所谓高雨区,具有灌溉条件,可以从事乳牛业和经济作物种植。
Located in the southern hemisphere, Australia has a total area of 7,704,000 square kilometers and is almost equal to the native area of the United States (except Alaska), with a population of about 16 million. It is the driest continent in the world. In South Australia, for example, about 80% The annual rainfall of less than 250 millimeters in the area is only suitable for extensive animal husbandry, which is called pasturing area. About 15% of the annual rainfall is between 250 and 500 millimeters, which can be used for cereal production and livestock husbandry. 5% of the area belongs to the so-called high rain area with annual rainfall of 500 mm or above. It has irrigation conditions and can engage in the dairy industry and cash crop cultivation.