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【目的】探讨观察全反式维甲酸（ATRA）对内皮细胞的增殖和分泌一氧化氮（NO）功能的影响。【方法】将体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞株（ECV-304）随机分为5组：空白对照组（加入ATRAR溶剂二甲亚砜，DMSO）、另4组ATRA浓度分别为10-9 mol/L、10-8 mol/L、10-7 mo1/L、10-6 mol/L。在24 h、48 h、72 h收集细胞，通过流式细胞仪、四氮唑（MTT）法检测不同浓度的 ATRA对ECV-304增殖的影响，观察ATRA对内皮细胞分泌NO功能的影响，并测定细胞培养液内NO含量。【结果】① ATRA在较低浓度（10-9～10-7 mol/L），对血管内皮细胞ECV-304有增殖作用，并呈浓度依赖性增加，与空白对照组比有显著差异（ P ＜0．01），且随 ATRA作用时间延长而增加。在较高浓度时（10-6 mol/L），对血管内皮细胞ECV-304却产生轻度抑制作用，但与空白对照组比较无显著差异（ P＞0．05）。②ATRA浓度在较低浓度（10-9～10-7 mol/L）可促进内皮细胞分泌 NO ，随ATRA浓度升高促进NO分泌的作用增强，但ATRA浓度在10-6 mol/L与对照组无明显差异（ P ＞0．05）。【结论】一定浓度的ATRA对内皮细胞有明显的增殖作用，并促进其合成NO。“,”Objective To explore the effect of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) on proliferation and nitric oxide (NO) production of endothelial cells .[Methods]Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV-304) in vitro were randomly divided into 5 groups including blank control group(added by ATRA solvent dimethyl sulfoxide ,DMSO) and other 4 groups(added by ATRA 10-9 ,10-8 ,10-7 and 10-6 mol/L ,respectively) .The cells were collected at 24h ,48h and 72h .Flow cytometry and MTT method were used to analyze the effect of different concentration of ATRA on ECV-304 proliferation .The effect of ATRA on NO production of endothelial cells was observed .NO level in cell culture fluid was measured .[Results]Low concentration(10-9 mol/L~10-7 mol/L) of ATRA could promote the proliferation of ECV-304 in a concentration-dependent manner ,and there was significant difference be-tween ATRA groups and control group( P 0 .05) .Low concentration(10-9 mol/L~10-7mol/L) of ATRA could promote the NO production of endothelial cells ,and the effect was increased with the rising of ATRA concentrations ,but there was no significant difference between ATRA 10-6 mol/L group and control group( P > 0 .05) .[Conclusion]ATRA with proper concentration can promote the proliferation and nitric oxide production of endothelial cells .