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采用盆栽和田间试验方法,研究多功能复混肥对甘肃河西内陆灌区制种玉米田土壤理化性质的影响并确定最佳施肥量。结果表明:随着多功能复混肥施肥量的增加,土壤总孔隙度、团聚体、EC(电导率)、有机质、碱解N、速效P、速效K含量随之增大,而容重和pH在降低。多功能复混肥施肥量与玉米植物学性状、经济性状、产量呈正相关,与单位肥料增产量呈负相关。随着施肥量增加,玉米边际产量、边际利润呈递减趋势,施肥量在1875kg.hm-2的基础上,再增加施肥量,收益出现负值。多功能复混肥与玉米产量间肥料效应回归方程是:y=3043+1.0109x-0.0002088x2,经济效益最佳施肥量(x0)为1875 kg.hm-2,玉米预测产量(y)为5672 kg.hm-2。在风沙土上施用多功能复混肥,有效地改善了土壤的理化性质和生物学性质,提高了制种玉米的施肥利润和产量。
Pot and field experiments were carried out to study the effects of multifunctional compound fertilizers on soil physical and chemical properties of corn in Hexi Inland Gansu irrigation area and to determine the optimum fertilization rate. The results showed that with the increase of fertilizer amount, the total soil porosity, aggregates, EC (conductivity), organic matter, alkali hydrolysis N, available P and available K increased with the increase of fertilizers, while bulk density and pH Lowering. Fertilizer amount of multi-functional compound fertilizer was positively correlated with plant botanical traits, economic traits and yield of corn, but negatively correlated with unit fertilizer yield. With the increase of fertilization, marginal profit and marginal profit of maize showed a decreasing trend. Based on 1875 kg.hm-2 of fertilizer, the amount of fertilizers was increased, and the profit was negative. The regression equation of fertilizer effect between multi-functional compound fertilizer and corn yield is: y = 3043 + 1.0109x-0.0002088x2, the best economic benefit is 1875 kg.hm-2, the predicted yield of corn is 5672 kg.hm-2. The application of multifunctional compound fertilizers on aeolian sandy soil has effectively improved the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil and increased the fertilization profit and yield of maize.