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The solution of many international challenges,like climate change and ozone depletion,depends on effective international scientific and technological（S&T）cooperation.Moreover,numerous international security concerns depend on it.Both China and the EU emphasise the development of space science and technology,and the process of institution-building has been paving the way for the further development of bilateral cooperation.However,history suggests that space technology often originates from military defence,and then spreads to the field of civilian utilization.Therefore,space S & T has an important significance both on a security level as well as on a commercial level.Space S & T is highly advanced technology,vital for national security and often top-secret,and it has been regarded as a competitive and closed market.How is it possible for China and Europe to cooperate in a strategic field? Which vital factors drive the cooperative motivation of both actors? Are they looking for a balance of power,pursuing common interests,or operating on mutual trust? Why do some joint programmes advance smoothly,such as the Double Star programme,and do some programmes,such as the Galileo cooperation,fail? Two in-depth case studies are presented in this thesis.By making a comparative analysis between the successful Double Star Project and the unsuccessful Galileo project to determine which factors contributed to the ultimate outcome of the programmes.I argue that the EU is motivated by its goal to move away from dependence on US technology,and the idea of utilizing space solely for maximisation of security,rather than treating it as a common good that can be commercialised.China on its turn is mainly looking to further develop and modernise its space technology and partnered with Europe to circumvent the restrictions of the USA.Additionally,scientific institutions encourage cooperation for the sake of science itself.Furthermore,those institutions are currently the main way through which the EU and China can operate to bring projects to a successful end.However,the ESA is held back by the absence of a EU mandate,which results in an uncoordinated decision-making process that cooperating with third parties challenging when it involves dual-use technology.