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利用微机实现热加工工艺过程自动化的温度控制,关键是要有一个在很宽温度范围内能够自适应的离散型控温数学模型。本文通过改变传统 PID 控温算式的比例、积分和微分作用方式,并增加了由被控炉特性所决定的前馈预给基量,提出一个具有一定自适应能力的新的 PIDB 复合控温数学模型,其算式可表示为:P_k=K_P·t·e_k+K_1·sum from i=k to k ei+K_D·sum from i=0 to k n~i·Δe_(k-i)+K_B·t~2实践表明,该数学模型用于微机控温时,运算简便,控温精度高,升温速度快而超调量小,特别在有升、降温速率要求时,可使炉温平稳地按温度设定值的变化而变化,具有良好的跟随性。
The key to realizing the automatic temperature control of the thermal processing process by using a microcomputer is to have a discrete mathematical model of temperature control that can be adaptive over a wide temperature range. In this paper, by changing the proportional, integral and differential mode of the traditional PID temperature control formula, and increasing the feedforward base quantity determined by the characteristics of the controlled furnace, a new PIDB composite temperature control mathematics with a certain adaptive ability is proposed Model, the formula can be expressed as: P_k = K_P · t · e_k + K_1 · sum from i = k to k ei + K_D · sum from i = 0 to kn ~ i · Δe_ (ki) + K_B · t ~ 2 It shows that when the mathematical model is used for microcomputer temperature control, the operation is simple, the temperature control accuracy is high, the heating speed is fast and the overshoot is small, especially when the temperature rise and cooling rate are required, the temperature of the furnace can be smoothly set according to the temperature Changes and changes, with good follow-up.