Apple canker caused by Valsa mali is a destructive disease that causes seriouseconomic losses in China.In this study, the dynamics of release of conidial masses (cirri) in appleorchards were studied i
A majority of works developed in apple tree architecture and physiology in past decades are based on trees grown in monocultivar high density orchards.Here we propose to connect knowledge on the tree
Predicting harvest fruit size influences agronomic management such as pruning, thinning and irrigation.Post-harvest management options used to manage variability in fruit size and blemishes (e.g.sunbu
Contemporary apple orchard planting systems become yield-limited (max.100-120t ha-1) at mature canopy size because light interception by the planting system typically peaks at a maximum of 55-65% of t
In general, cool climate region is defined as the transitional region between mid-temperate zone and warm temperate zone, with about-10℃ ~-14℃ of the average temperature in January, and covers vast ar
Pruning of fruit trees is usually conducted manually and is the second most labor intensive practice in orchards, after harvesting.Interest in more labor-efficient methods of dormant pruning has incre
Shandong Province is the cradle of modern apple cultivation in China with suitable ecological conditions, rich cultivar resources and a long history of cultivation.For a long time, Shandong Province h
Apple growing is very important comparing the other fruits grown in the country.The commercially production of many summer type apples has been neglected long time ago.The first apple variety experime
Leaf photosynthesis and carbon metabolism are fundamental processes that support plant growth and development.Pome and stone fruits in the Rosaceae family are unique in that sorbitol serves as a prima
Apple breeding has been slow to benefit from marker-assisted breeding (MAB) technology, despite the early promise.Challenges have arisen in establishing required foundational resources, focusing on tr