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Surface topology and chemical composition of a biomaterial play an important role in the regulation of biological behaviors including protein adsorption,cell adhesion,migration,spreading,proliferation and differentiation.Titanium and titanium alloys have been widely used as orthopedic,dental implants and cardiovascular stents owing to their superior physical properties.However,titanium surface is inherently bio-inert,thus could not form efficient osseointegration with surrounding bone tissue.