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The protection of vulnerable road users(VRUs)is currently one of the most challenging societal problems.Many governments and consumer organizations have set targets to reduce the VRU fatality and injury rates.These targets function as an incentive for the automotive industry to develop pedestrian and cyclist detection systems that combine environmental perception,risk estimation,and vehicle dynamics control(e.g.braking,steering).However,the complexity of VRU detection makes the process of designing and evaluating such active VRU protection systems a difficult and time-consuming activity.Simulation software can help to overcome these difficulties by providing an efficient and safe development environment.This paper outlines the use of the software package PreScan for the development of active VRU protection systems.Using PreScan,a VRU protection system is modeled and virtually evaluated in various different traffic scenarios.The system model presented in this paper fuses radar and camera data to deploy driver warnings and autonomous braking before impact.This reduces the impact speed between the VRU and the vehicle,thereby mitigating the negative effects of the collision.Future work will consider virtual robustness testing by subjecting the VRU protection system to a wide range of traffic scenarios and environmental conditions(e.g.rain,snow,fog,darkness).