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Cascade hydropower development has a massive impact on ecosystem and local environment.Hydroelectricity has been rated to have a large water footprint on global average.We applied the modified water footprint method to Upper Mekong River basin cascade hydropower for assessing the electricity generation efficiency.The result showed that the water footprint of the 8 cascade hydropowers in Upper Mekong River basin were much smaller than the commonly cited international value of 22m3/GJ.