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The level of complexity of daily decision making and skills required in the self-management of diabetes is unique and can affect a persons physical and psychological wellbeing.Comprehensive Diabetes Education (DE), predominantly provided by Diabetes Educators (registered nurses) and other allied health professionals, has long been accepted globally as an integral component of overall diabetes care.Opinions and perspectives about the role and purpose of DE vary between stakeholders and have predominantly been predicated on clinical rather than educational outcomes.This has hampered consistency, quality and comparability of DE interventions.To address this issue, in 2007 Australia developed a National Consensus Position Framework on Outcomes and Indicators (O&I) for DE.The O&I framework identified four client centered key outcomes mostly affected by DE: knowledge and understanding, self-management, self-determination and psychological adjustment to living with diabetes.The question then arouse how to best measure these agreed outcomes? A subsequent literature review and systematic appraisal of available psychometric tools was undertaken.Although a myriad of tools were identified, only three (PAID, SDSCA and ADS scales*) met stringent appraisal criteria and no suitable knowledge assessment tool was identified.Consequently, a brief generic diabetes knowledge questionnaire (DKQ) was developed and validated, capable of measuring knowledge change following an educational intervention.The DKQ, PAID and SDSCA scales have since been incorporated into a phase 1O&I pilot project initiated by the Australian Diabetes Educators Association (ADEA), the national body for Diabetes Educators, and a type 2 group education program conducted by the Australian Diabetes Council.Much interest has been received for the use of the DKQ from local and intemational diabetes service providers.Equipping diabetes education providers with an evidence-based outcorne framework and suitable, validated tools for assessing their educational efforts can improve consistency, comparability, quality and effectiveness of diabetes education interventions.*PAID=Problem Area In Diabetes;SDSCA=Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activity;ADS=Appraisal of Diabetes Scale.