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Fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)have attracted great attention in biomedical field owing to the remarkable fluorescence property,low toxicity,and excellent water solubility.Because of the “water window” effect,the CDs with upconversion fluorescence or longer wavelength downconversion fluorescence are particularly more suitable for bioimaging because they can weaken the auto-fluorescence interferences and penetrate the cell or tissue more deeply.In this study,we reported a facile method to simultaneously enhance the upconversion fluorescence and tune the downconversion luminescence of CDs from blue to green light by simply adding H2O2 in a hydrothermal process.