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With the development of transportation industry in our country, common asphalt could not nearly meet with the requirement of road asphalt.Polymer modified asphalt has been applied more broadly due to its improvement on the pavement performance.Of all, SBS modified asphalt has gained more attention and becomes the principal item, since it can remarkably enhance the high-temperature anti-rutting and the low temperature resistance to cracking performances, as well as the anti-aging and the fatigue improvement properties.However, due to big differences of molecular weight, density and solubility between polymer and asphalt, their compatibility was poor.So the performance of SBS modified asphalt deeply depends on the matrix asphalt properties.The effects of matrix asphalt properties were analyzed by the fluorescent microscopy, three fundamental index performance testing and the thermal storage stability methods.The result shows that good storage stability of SBS modified asphalt will be achieved when more aromatics and aturates exist in the matrix asphalt.SBS could not easily disperses in the matrix asphalt in the condition of high asphaltenes content, and shows badly segregation degree after thermally stored for 48h.The cryogenic delay degree is obviously better than other modified asphalts with increasing colloid content under the same SBS content.Moreover, good basic properties of the matrix asphalt also exhibit positive impacts on the modified asphalt performance.