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Cationic polymers are widely used as nonvirial vectors to compact negatively charged DNA into DNA/polymer complexes (polyplexes)[1].However,the slow and incomplete release of DNA from the polyplexes intracellularly has been the bottleneck to effective gene expression[2].Inspired by recent research of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery[3],we reported an cellular esterase-responsive polyethyleneimine (ER-PEI) made from quaternary polyethyleneimine carrying N-propionic 4-acetoxybenzyl ester as an effective gene carrier.