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Although the target-based approach has dominated the field of modem drug discovery, many marketed drugs today were still discovered serendipitously by the physiology-based approach, and the elucidation of their mechanism of action was usually retrospective.Furthermore, many compounds designated as single-target drugs are in fact not as specific as originally expected, and have been discovered to bind to additional targets.To better and more efficiently identify effective compounds that work through either known or undiscovered mechanisms, of great interest in recent years has been the development of computational methods to predict the promiscuous binding propensities of drug molecules.