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In this article,we consider a semiparametric zero-inflated Poisson mixed model that postulates a possible nonlinear relationship between the natural logarithm of the mean of the counts and a particular covariate in the longitudinal studies.A penalized tog-likelihood function is proposed and Monte Carlo expectation-maximization algorithm is used to derive the estimates.Under some mild conditions,we establish the consistency and asymptotic normality of the resulting estimators.Simulation studies are carried out to investigate the finite sample performance of the proposed method.For illustration purpose,the method is applied to a data set from a pharmaceutical company where the variable of interest is the number of of episodes of side effect after the patient has taken the treatments.