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[Backgroud]Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, is strictly controlled for use due to its serious side effects including immune suppression.Betulinic acid (BA), an antioxidant prepared from the white birch, exhibits properties of immunomodulation.To assess the implications and investigate the mechanisms of BA-elicited immunomodulation, we hypothesized that Dex induced lymphocyte apoptosis via oxidative stress could be lessened by BA.