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Objective To investigate status and contributory factors of carotid atherosclerosis in middle age to elderly population in Datun community by Chaoyang District in Beijing.MethodsA crosssectional study was conducted, 804 residents(male:259; female:545) above 40 years of age in Datun community were selected.Subjects were screened for carotid atherosclerosis plaque, determinedwhether atherosclerosis plaque has existed in carotid artery using ultrasound, recorded the incident rate of risk factors such ashypertension, diabetes, coronary heartdisease,hyperlipidemia, and cigarette smoking.Results The detection rate of carotidatherosclerosis plaque in this community was 78.6%, among this, the detection rate was 68.8% in 40 ~59 years old group, 84.8% in 60 ~ 85 years old group.The contributory factors to the severity of carotid atherosclerosis in this population included age, gender, smoking, alcohol drinking as well as value of high density lipoprotein.Conclusion InDatun community, the incidence of carotidatherosclerosis increased gradually with age, and incidence of male was higher than that of female.It isnecessary to make smokers give upsmoking and control alcohol drinking, to reduce the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis.High density lipoprotein is one protective factor ofcarotidatherosclerosis.