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[Background] Selenium (Se) plays an important role in regulating various metabolic processes in the body.Se raised considerable expectations for the prevention of vascular disease, cancer, and other chronic conditions.However, the exact mechanism still needs to be clarified.[Objective]Establishment the chicken model of Se deficiency disease, and enunciate the mechanisms how Se induces vein injury.[Methods]Broilers were divided into two groups, fed deficient Se diets and common diets respectively for 30 ds.Following euthanasia, veins were quickly removed blotted and then rinsed with ice-cold sterile deionized water, frozen immediately in liquid nitrogen, and stored at-80 ℃ until required.The antioxidant related factors (GSH, MDA and H2O2) were determined using detection kits, mRNA expression of 25 selenoproteins, the mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory cytokines and heat shock proteins were detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot.Part of the tissues (5 μm thick) were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and examined under microscope, TUNEL assay was using the in situ cell death detection kit.[Results]It was observed that, in broiler vein, the deficient Se diets markedly decreased the antioxidant including the activity of GPx, and the content of GSH and H2O2.In 25 selenoproteins, the expressions of 20 selenoproteins in Se deficiency group were decreased compared to the Se common group.The content of H2S, the protein expression of 3-MST, CSE, NO, iNOS and the inflammatory cytokines in Se deficiency group were increased compared to the Se common group, the expression of heat shock proteins were also present a similar tendency.Histopathology analysis showed, in Se deficiency group, karyopyknosis and chromatin condensation.In adipose around vessels, surrounded and infiltrated by massive inflammatory cells and lymphocytes.The percent of apoptotic cells was increased in the Se deficiency group compared to the Se common group.[Conclusion]Selenoproteins, inflammatory cytokines and HSPs, they were induced by oxidative stress and inflammation lesion by Se deficiency and the inflammatory response was the most obvious.Our data suggest a central role for inflammation in vascular damage caused by Se deficiency in broiler vein.