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Hydraulic fracturing is one of major approaches of reservoir conversion, and it plays a big role in the exploration and development in oil and coal bed methane.Multi-channel microseismic acquisition system is capable of recording mini-quake during fracturing, and interpreting fracture orientation, occurrence and dimension, which can be used as base for well placement and network design, and appraisal of hydraulic fracturing, consequently support fracturing operations.Particularly, unconventional hydrocarbon exploration requires fracturing to be carried at multi-well and/or multi-level simultaneously, for which microseismic mapping should be performed for horizontal fracturing.It is vitally necessary to develop microseismic acquisition systems featuring low noise, high sampling rate, and high reliability.Hydraulic fracturing-induced microseisms are of magnitude-1 to-5, which requires instrument noise level to be less than 1.57 μV to record major microseismic events, and less than 100 nV to record most events.Precise positioning of microseisms requires sufficient stations, normally no less than 12 stations.Transmission solution for large data volume, multi-channel, long distance (longer than 1 kM) is a key challenge to perform real-time monitoring.Another challenge of real-time monitoring is real-time, automatically detect microseismic events, automatically locate microseismic sources.By leveraging the latest telecommunication technology and micro signal processing technology, and combining needs of oil and gas site operations, we developed this microseismic acquisition system.By utilizing grid search, forward positioning, and mechanism principles of seismic drift, we solved challenges of seismic initial motion detection and microseismic signal detection.We recorded objective and accurate signal, located seismic sources, and eventually interpreted fracturing parameters of oilfield and coal-bed methane development.This development provided an essential and practical monitoring technology for hydraulic fracturing of oil and coal-bed methane development.Quality monitoring results are beneficial to improving oilfield exploration, increasing production,reducing capital cost, and are of significance to oilfield production.