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为什么世界各经济体的经济变迁大相径庭?为什么美国和欧洲持续增长的长期历史、苏联蔚为壮观的兴起与衰落、东亚的快速经济增长与非洲的黯淡经济表现、拉美与北美形成鲜明的对比?诺思的经济变迁过程理论对此进行了精彩的诠释。这一理论在新经济史学的理论体系中具有里程碑意义,是新制度经济学的继承与发展,是连接发展经济学、转型经济学与制度经济学的桥梁。本文对此进行评述。一经济变迁过程的分析框架诺思首先继承新古典经济学的合理成分。这表现为:由于稀缺性,竞争是制度变迁的关
Why the economic changes of the world’s economies are very different? Why the long-term history of sustained U.S. and European growth, the spectacular rise and decline of the Soviet Union, the rapid economic growth in East Asia and the gloomy economic performance in Africa, and the sharp contrast between Latin America and North America? Thinking of the theory of economic transition theory for this wonderful interpretation. This theory has a milestone in the theoretical system of New Economic History and is a succession and development of new institutional economics. It is a bridge connecting development economics, transitional economics and institutional economics. This article reviews this. An Analysis of the Process of Economic Transition North first inherited the rational components of neoclassical economics. This manifests itself as follows: Competition is the key to institutional change due to scarcity