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Objective:Cyclins/retinoblastoma protein (pRb) pathway participates in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the endogenous small noncoding RNAs, were recognized to play significant roles in cardiac hypertrophy.But, it remains unknown whether cyclin/Rb pathway is modulated by miRNAs during cardiac hypertrophy.This study investigates the potential role of microRNA-16 (miR-16) in modulating cyclin/Rb pathway during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.