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Purpose: To synthesize and characterize chitosan-cysteine conjugates.Methods: Cysteine was covalently attached to chitosan via the formation of an amide bond.Results: The optimal coupling conditions were chitosan/cysteine ratio 1∶3, pH 5, and reaction time 6 h.The bioadhesion of chitosan was improved more than 10-fold after thiolation.Conclusions: Many factors can affect the conjugation ofthiol groups on chitosan.