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Piwi is necessary for germ stem cell survival in Drosophila and homologues have been identified in a diverse range of organisms.Here, we identify and characterize two homologous genes of piwi, Olpiwi1 and Olpiwi2, in the model fish medaka (Oryzias latipes).Olpiwil is similar to Ziwi in zebrafish or Miwi in the mouse, and Olpiwi2 is similar to Zili in zebrafish or Mili in the mouse.