【摘 要】
：
Neuroscience is defining our understanding of mental states through models of consciousness.This endeavor is enriched by technological surveillance which can detect the signatures of neurophysiologica
【机 构】
：
Pacific Radiology Group USA
【出 处】
：
BIT`s 3rd Annual World Congress of NeuroTalk-2012(2012第三届国际神
论文部分内容阅读
Neuroscience is defining our understanding of mental states through models of consciousness.This endeavor is enriched by technological surveillance which can detect the signatures of neurophysiological activity of conscious mental processes.Functional MRI (fMRI) detects volumetric blood-flow patterns that presumably indicate metabolic activity of interlinked neuron networks creating the facets of the mind.It is now possible, to some degree, to determine what someone is thinking by monitoring their brains metabolic activity.This technology has found a variety of commercial applications, from "neuromarketing" research to lie detection.In the clinical setting, patients in severely altered conscious states can present a diagnostic challenge with clinical implications: there is a spectrum of cognitive impairment severity that correlates with prognostic outcomes.In addition, ethical dilemmas arise which must be considered.It is estimated that over 1/3 of patients diagnosed as vegetative are actually minimally conscious which carries a better prognosis, but the misdiagnosis implies that patients with some degree of self and environmental awareness may receive inappropriate treatment.In has been reported that fMRI can detect conscious awareness in otherwise noncommunicative unresponsive patients.Unfortunately, many patients are diagnosed as vegetative and it would be impractical to implement a diagnostic protocol with fMRI evaluation as a standard of care due to the large volume of potential candidates, limited resources, and sociopolitical pressures to contain (and reduce) healthcare expenditures.In addition to the detection of conscious states, technology also offers ways for the impaired to interact with the outside world enhancing their quality of life.The stratification and welfare of these patients presents challenges for the neuroscience and clinical communities, ethicists and healthcare policy makers.
其他文献
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) was first described in 1937 as a primary lung tumor.In the gastrointestinal tract, it occurs very rare and the diagnosis is especially based on immunohistochem
More that 26 million people are chronically exposed to arsenic through contaminated drinking water in West Bengal,India.Although a large number of individuals are exposed to arsenic, yet only 15-20% i
Tobacco smoke has been considered the main cause of lung cancer;however, epidemiological studies have identified several etiologic factors that could be involved in lung cancer onset in never smokers.
The proof for the prenatal origin of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comes from the detection of concordant leukemia in monozygotic twins and the identification of translocation breakpoin
N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein, Naa10p, is an N-acetyltransferase known to be involved in cell cycle control.We found that Naa10p was expressed lower in varieties of malignancies with lymph node met
Neovascularization is critical to tumour growth and metastasis and this has led to the development of a number of marketed anti-angiogenic agents which target VEGF/VEGFR2 receptors, for clinical use i
It is well-known that the hippocampus is necessary for the formation of new memories.It is also well-known that in times of stress, hippocampal functioning in rodents and humans is inhibited.This find
Numerous studies investigating development of reading skills in alphabetic languages, such as English, have found a positive association between early reading skill and "phonological awareness," in pa
Although language development of the very preterm children (birth weight
How do humans interact with tools? Gibson (1979) suggested that humans perceive directly what tools afford in terms of meaningful actions.This "affordances" hypothesis implies that visual objects can