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The GRF gene family is one of the most important families of transcriptional regulators.The GRF proteins have been shown to play important roles in plant growth and development.In this study,18 GRF genes are identified from moso bamboo,and they are classified into three groups according to the classification of rice.The characterization,conserved motif and gene structure of GRF proteins are performed.The phylogenetic tree suggested that the PeGRF proteins were closest to the OsGRF proteins.The expansion of GRF genes in moso bamboo results from genome duplication.Nucleotide composition and relative synonymous codon usage(RSCU)analysis revealed that GRF shows mutation bias and prefers G-and C-ended codons to code amino acids.12 miRNA396 target genes of GRFs were identified in moso bamboo.Furthermore,the expression patterns of GRF genes exhibit differences in eight stage of shoot development of moso bamboo based on qRT-PCR.Taken together,this comprehensive analysis will provide rich resources for studying GRF protein functions in moso bamnoo.