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腐蚀是机器、设备、构件、用品失效的主要原因之一。据报导,世界各工业发达国家腐蚀损失约占其国民经济总值的2～4％。1982年美国的腐蚀损失为1260亿美元,其中因金属腐蚀造成的损失约100亿美元;日本一年因金属腐蚀而损失的金额为20亿美元;苏联由于腐蚀每年损失金属材料达500～600万吨。我国没有完整的统计数据,1980年科委腐蚀学科组对化工、石油、纺织、冶金四个部门的155个企业的调查结果,因腐蚀造成的损失平均占企业总产值的2％,有的企业高达11％。全国每年因金属腐蚀造成的损失估计为100～150亿元。
Corrosion is one of the main reasons for the failure of machinery, equipment, components and supplies. It has been reported that the corrosion losses in developed countries in the world account for about 2% to 4% of the total national economy. In 1982, the corrosion loss in the United States was 126 billion U.S. dollars, of which about 10 billion U.S. dollars was lost due to metal corrosion. In Japan, the amount of metal corrosion lost was 2 billion U.S. dollars in a year. In the Soviet Union, the annual loss of metallic materials due to corrosion is 5-6 million U.S. dollars Ton. In our country, there is no complete statistical data. In the survey of 155 enterprises in the chemical, petroleum, textile and metallurgy sectors in 1980, the Corrosion Science Group of CST accounted for 2% of the total output value of enterprises due to corrosion. Some enterprises Up to 11%. The national annual loss due to metal corrosion is estimated at 100-150 billion yuan.