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Purpose Mammalian sensory thalamus is regulated by GABAergic inhibitory input from thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) and cholinergic excitatory input from brainstem reticular formation:the laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT) and pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPT),thus control the awake-sleep cycle and the sensory information transmission.It was reported that the cholinergic input from LDT/PPT can influence the sensitivity and signal-noise ratio of sensory information transmission via sensory thalamus.Our question is to investigate the combined effect of the both TRN and LDT/PPT inputs on the medial geniculate body (MGB) neuron.Methods Electric stimulation (single-pulse,100 μA for 1 ms,bipolar electrode) was used to active LDT/PPT.The modulation of the neuronal activities in the MGB and TRN by LDT/PPT activation was examined by comparing the change of spontaneous firing rate and the response to noise stimulations on anesthetized rats.Anatomical procedure was adopted to confirm the recording and stimulating sites.