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Baiyin city, which is located upstream of Yellow River and in the central part of Gansu province, China, is severely contaminated with heavy metals such as chromium.Our aim is to isolate indigenous bacteria from the contaminated rare-earth ore which can reduce hexavalent chromium and investigate the mechanism of chromate reduction.A Gram-positive bacterium BYCr-1 which was capable of reducing hexavalent chromium (Cr(Ⅵ)) to trivalent chromium (Cr(Ⅲ)) aerobically was isolated from rare-earth ore in Baiyin, GanSu, China.16S rRNA analysis of the isolated strain showed that it was closely related to Bacillus subtilis.It can reduce 200 μmol L-1 Cr (Ⅵ) to Cr(Ⅲ) in M9 medium after 48 hours incubation.