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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is well known as a kind of semiconductor photocatalyst used in air purification1, 2 and wastewater treatment,3, 4 owing to its high photocatalytic activity, low cost, nontoxicity and excellent stability.Nevertheless, the recovery of powdered TiO2 suspended in the treated water after photocatalytic reaction has become a big barrier to the wastewater treatment industry.Therefore, how to effectively immobilize TiO2 nanoparticles and keep high photocatalytic activity in long-term use has become an exciting and strategic research subject.