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Striatal medium-sized spiny neurons(MSNs),composed of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons,are derived from the lateral ganglionic eminence(LGE).We show that transcription factor Sp9 is expressed in LGE progenitors that generate nearly all striatal MSNs,and Sp9 expression is specifically maintained in postmitotic striatopallidal MSNs.Sp9 null mice lose most striatopallidal MSNs due to decreased proliferation of striatopallidal MSN progenitors and increased Bax-dependent apoptosis.On the other hand,development of striatonigral neurons is largely unaffected.ChIP-qPCR provides evidence that Ascl1 directly regulates Sp9s promoter.RNA-Seq and RNA in situ hybridization reveal that Sp9 represses Robo1 expression in the LGE subventricular zone but promotes Adora2a expression in the striatum.Thus,Sp9 is crucial for the generation,maturation and survival of striatopallidal MSNs.