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随着超短脉冲激光技术的发展,人们可以在台面尺度获得光强超过1018W／cm2、脉宽小于100fs 的超短脉冲激光．超短脉冲激光很容易把静止的电子加速到兆电子伏的能量．而更重要的是超短激光脉冲可以通过其有质动力激发大振幅的等离子体波(称为激光尾波场),后者可以在毫米空间尺度把电子加速到上百兆电子伏的能量．文章将介绍激光尾波场加速电子的物理机制和方案、这个领域的最新进展、以及目前存在的问题．
With the development of ultrashort pulse laser technology, one can obtain ultra-short pulse laser with light intensity over 1018W / cm2 and pulse width less than 100fs on the mesa scale. Ultra-short pulse lasers can easily accelerate quiescent electrons to mega-volt energy. More importantly, ultrashort laser pulses can excite large-amplitude plasma waves (called laser wake fields) with their energetic forces, which can accelerate electrons to hundreds of mega-megawatts at millimeter-scale spatial scales. The article will introduce the physical mechanisms and solutions of laser wake-wave field acceleration electronics, the latest developments in this area, and the current problems.