The Changes of Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Aplastic Anemia Patients

• 作 者: Xiaojun liu Futian Ma Lin Yang Shupeng Wen Jianmin Luo
• 机 构: Department of hematology The second hospital of Hebei medical university,Shijiazhuang China 050000
• 出 处: 河北省医学会血液学分会第七届年会暨河北省医师协会血液科医师分会第四届年会
• 发表日期: 2013年12期
• 关键词: Aplastic anemia Mesenchymal stem cells PPARγ Adipocyte

　　It is believed that aplastic anemia (AA) is a disease caused by an impaired immune system; however, immunosuppression therapy proved to be ineffective in some AA patients.In this study, we examined changes in the microenvironment of bone marrow in AA patients and explored the potential for a microenvironmental mechanism for the development of AA.[Main methods]: Bone marrow aspirates and biopsies from 12 AA patients and five healthy controls were phenotypically analyzed under a microscope.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) extracted from these samples were cu]turedin vitro and then analyzed through an adipocyte differentiation test.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry staining were also employed to investigate the mechanism for microenvironmental changes.[Key findings]: In all patients, bone marrow histology, including the biopsiesand smears, showed that the marrow tissue was to a large extent replaced by fat.Spontaneous adipocyte differentiation was seen in the MSC culture even without differentiation induction in many of the aplastic anemia patients but not in the control group.Further differentiation tests indicated that under the same conditions, the MSCs fromAA patients are more likely to differentiate into adipocytes than they are in the control patients.The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR γ), which serves as the key regulator of adipocyte differentiation, increased greatly in the stem cells of aplastic anemia patients compared to controls.[Significance]:Ourdata suggests that the stem cells of Aapatient are more likely to differentiate into adipocytes, which may be due to the enhanced gene expression of PPARγ.The increase of adipocytes changes the balance within the bone marrow microenvironment and may play a role in the pathogenic development of AA.