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In the past 50 years there have been considerable efforts to identify the cellular receptor of hepatitis B virus (HBV).Recently, in vitro evidence from several groups has shown that the sodium-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP, which is encoded by SLC10A1 and transports bile acids into hepatic cells in enterohepatic recirculation)is a strong candidate.In particular, in vitro the p.Ser267Phe variation of SLC10A1 results in loss of HBV receptor function.