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Vegetation, a critical component of the water-energy cycle, has closely reciprocal effects and feedbacks with catchment water balance.On the basis of investigation for the inter-annual variability of ET and water-energy balance in 130 catchments in US using satellite-derived ET datasets, it was found that the inter-annual variability of ET can be characterized by a linear relationship with precipitation (P) and potential ET (PET) at catchment scale, and the forest coverage has a significant impact on the inter-annual variability of catchment ET.The response of local vegetation tends to maximize productivity or minimize water stress.