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Backgroud:Daptomycin is an important antibiotic against infections caused by drugresistant pathogens.Its production critically depends on the addition of decanoic acid during fermentation.Unfortunately, decanoic acid(＞2.5 mM) is toxic to daptomycin producer,Streptomyces roseosporus.Results:To understand the mechanism underlying decanoic tolerance or toxicity, the responses of S.roseosporus was determined by a combination of phospholipid fatty acid analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement and RNA sequencing.