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The anterior cingulate cortex and intralaminar thalamus are essential components in mediating the affective emotional-aspect of pain.In the present study,we applied in vivo extracelluar recording technique to examine the effects of tetanically electrical stimulation of the ACC on the nociceptive specific (NS) neurons of central lateral (CL) nuclei.The results showed that high frequency electrical stimulation of the ACC(200 Hz/2 s/4 x) produced long-lasting excitation of the NS neurons in CL.A number of neurons changed their discharge patterns from single to burst after tetanic stimulation of the ACC.Furthermore,retrograde tracing the neurons by fluoroglold (FG) showed that the positive neurons were distributed mainly in the bilateral of the ACC.The results suggested that the ACC may exert top-down influences on and plastically changed the NS neurons of the CL,which could be the underline mechanism of pain related negative emotion.