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Raman scattering spectroscopy (RSS) is especially suited for the detection of various molecule fingerprints, molecule conformation and interactions in biological samples, even in living cells.Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) allows to detect biomolecules in submicromolar concentrations when they are located in the close vicinity (＜15-20 nm) to the surface of nanostructures.As a result, SERS spectra from submembrane hemoglobin inside single living erythrocytes and of cytochrome c in mitochondria were recorded.The proposed SERS-based approach can be used for fundamental studies of functional and conformational properties of cytochrome c in intact mitochondria and it is promising in clinical applications on diagnostics of mitochondrial dysfunction.