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Women with familial or genetic aggregation of breast cancer in their family are often offered breast cancer screening outside the population screening program, due to their high breast cancer risk and possibly young age of onset.However,the benefit of early tumour detection by mammography screening could be reduced by the risk of radiation-induced tumours.Therefore a systematic literature search was conducted on epidemiological studies on low-dose radiation exposure and breast cancer risk among high-risk women.An increased risk of breast cancer in high-risk women due to low-dose radiation exposure was found (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 0.92-2.90) and due to exposure before the age of 20 (OR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.4-3.0).In addition, a simulation model for breast cancer screening was developed for these women and values for low-dose radiation risk.were used.