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The prevailing human rights discourse often revolves around the contrast between Western democratic individualism and Non-Western duty-bound traditions.This paper examines individualism/collectivism construct in human rights discourse by making a comparison between Confucian tradition of filial piety and the ancient Spartan culture.Then it extends the idea to the human rights in general and to the rights/responsibility talk in contemporary human rights discourse.It will elaborate on the current rights paradigm which cannot address the challenges posed by non-state actors such as armed groups and individual terrorists.Finally,the author concludes that we need to establish the new paradigm along the virtue/non-virtue divide in order to address the new challenges of human rights discourse,instead of constructing it on the basis of the West-East chasm.Thus,both Islamic tradition and Confucian philosophy along with other cultures can contribute to the development of a new paradigm in human rights discourse that enhances the universality of human rights standards.