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Submerged Arc Furnace is used in reduction of nickel oxide mine.In this paper,a 3D finite element model was developed to analyze current density field and Joule heating field for electrodes,arc,burden,slag and molten ferronickel in the process of submerged arc furnace reduction using Maxwell equation and Joule law.Next,the model uses sequential coupling method to calculate temperature distribution in submerged arc furnace,with which estimating the reduction rate.The model assumes an unsteady state.It shows that arc is the main heat production area;lt s about 1 800℃ in arc area and 1 550℃ in molten nickel iron.In molten nickel iron heat is conducted quickly so that the temperature is well-distribution.The reduction rate of most center area in submerged arc furnace is greater than 70%.The comparisons between simulate results and the experience results show an excellent agreement.