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Objective: Cigarette smoke can directly acts on the pulmonary vasculature to induce endothelial dysfunction and pulmonary vascular remodeling.The aim of this study is to test our hypothesis that chronic cigarette smoke extract(CSE)exposure may be able to alter the expression of prostaglandin I2 synthase(PTGIS)which catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin I2(prostacyclin),the most potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation and a strong vasodilator,through epigenetic modifications.